"""
Workspace management for Git Operations MCP Server.

Handles isolated workspaces for each project, including creation,
locking, cleanup, and size management.
"""

import asyncio
import json
import logging
import shutil
from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any

import aiofiles  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
from filelock import FileLock, Timeout

from config import Settings, get_settings
from exceptions import (
    WorkspaceLockedError,
    WorkspaceNotFoundError,
    WorkspaceSizeExceededError,
)
from models import WorkspaceInfo, WorkspaceState

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Metadata file name
WORKSPACE_METADATA_FILE = ".syndarix-workspace.json"


class WorkspaceManager:
    """
    Manages git workspaces for projects.

    Each project gets an isolated workspace directory for git operations.
    Supports distributed locking via Redis or local file locks.
    """

    def __init__(self, settings: Settings | None = None) -> None:
        """
        Initialize WorkspaceManager.

        Args:
            settings: Optional settings override
        """
        self.settings = settings or get_settings()
        self.base_path = self.settings.workspace_base_path
        self._ensure_base_path()

    def _ensure_base_path(self) -> None:
        """Ensure the base workspace directory exists."""
        self.base_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    def _get_workspace_path(self, project_id: str) -> Path:
        """Get the path for a project workspace with path traversal protection."""
        # Sanitize project ID for filesystem
        safe_id = "".join(c if c.isalnum() or c in "-_" else "_" for c in project_id)

        # Reject reserved names
        reserved_names = {".", "..", "con", "prn", "aux", "nul"}
        if safe_id.lower() in reserved_names:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid project ID: reserved name '{project_id}'")

        # Construct path and verify it's within base_path (prevent path traversal)
        workspace_path = (self.base_path / safe_id).resolve()
        base_resolved = self.base_path.resolve()

        if not workspace_path.is_relative_to(base_resolved):
            raise ValueError(
                f"Invalid project ID: path traversal detected '{project_id}'"
            )

        return workspace_path

    def _get_lock_path(self, project_id: str) -> Path:
        """Get the lock file path for a workspace."""
        return self._get_workspace_path(project_id) / ".lock"

    def _get_metadata_path(self, project_id: str) -> Path:
        """Get the metadata file path for a workspace."""
        return self._get_workspace_path(project_id) / WORKSPACE_METADATA_FILE

    async def get_workspace(self, project_id: str) -> WorkspaceInfo | None:
        """
        Get workspace info for a project.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier

        Returns:
            WorkspaceInfo or None if not found
        """
        workspace_path = self._get_workspace_path(project_id)

        if not workspace_path.exists():
            return None

        # Load metadata
        metadata = await self._load_metadata(project_id)

        # Calculate size
        size_bytes = await self._calculate_size(workspace_path)

        # Check lock status
        lock_holder = None
        lock_expires = None
        if metadata:
            lock_holder = metadata.get("lock_holder")
            if metadata.get("lock_expires"):
                lock_expires = datetime.fromisoformat(metadata["lock_expires"])
                # Clear expired locks
                if lock_expires < datetime.now(UTC):
                    lock_holder = None
                    lock_expires = None

        # Determine state
        state = WorkspaceState.READY
        if lock_holder:
            state = WorkspaceState.LOCKED

        # Check if stale
        last_accessed = datetime.now(UTC)
        if metadata and metadata.get("last_accessed"):
            last_accessed = datetime.fromisoformat(metadata["last_accessed"])
            stale_threshold = datetime.now(UTC) - timedelta(
                days=self.settings.workspace_stale_days
            )
            if last_accessed < stale_threshold:
                state = WorkspaceState.STALE

        return WorkspaceInfo(
            project_id=project_id,
            path=str(workspace_path),
            state=state,
            repo_url=metadata.get("repo_url") if metadata else None,
            current_branch=metadata.get("current_branch") if metadata else None,
            last_accessed=last_accessed,
            size_bytes=size_bytes,
            lock_holder=lock_holder,
            lock_expires=lock_expires,
        )

    async def create_workspace(
        self,
        project_id: str,
        repo_url: str | None = None,
    ) -> WorkspaceInfo:
        """
        Create or get a workspace for a project.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier
            repo_url: Optional repository URL

        Returns:
            WorkspaceInfo for the workspace
        """
        workspace_path = self._get_workspace_path(project_id)

        if workspace_path.exists():
            # Workspace already exists, update metadata
            await self._update_metadata(project_id, repo_url=repo_url)
            workspace = await self.get_workspace(project_id)
            if workspace:
                return workspace

        # Create workspace directory
        workspace_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

        # Create initial metadata
        metadata = {
            "project_id": project_id,
            "repo_url": repo_url,
            "created_at": datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
            "last_accessed": datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
        }
        await self._save_metadata(project_id, metadata)

        return WorkspaceInfo(
            project_id=project_id,
            path=str(workspace_path),
            state=WorkspaceState.INITIALIZING,
            repo_url=repo_url,
            last_accessed=datetime.now(UTC),
            size_bytes=0,
        )

    async def delete_workspace(self, project_id: str, force: bool = False) -> bool:
        """
        Delete a workspace.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier
            force: Force delete even if locked

        Returns:
            True if deleted
        """
        workspace_path = self._get_workspace_path(project_id)

        if not workspace_path.exists():
            return True

        # Check lock
        if not force:
            workspace = await self.get_workspace(project_id)
            if workspace and workspace.state == WorkspaceState.LOCKED:
                raise WorkspaceLockedError(project_id, workspace.lock_holder)

        try:
            # Use shutil.rmtree for robust deletion
            shutil.rmtree(workspace_path)
            logger.info(f"Deleted workspace for project: {project_id}")
            return True
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"Failed to delete workspace {project_id}: {e}")
            return False

    async def lock_workspace(
        self,
        project_id: str,
        holder: str,
        timeout: int | None = None,
    ) -> bool:
        """
        Acquire a lock on a workspace.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier
            holder: Lock holder identifier (agent_id)
            timeout: Lock timeout in seconds

        Returns:
            True if lock acquired

        Raises:
            WorkspaceNotFoundError: If workspace doesn't exist
            WorkspaceLockedError: If already locked by another
        """
        workspace = await self.get_workspace(project_id)

        if workspace is None:
            raise WorkspaceNotFoundError(project_id)

        # Check if already locked by someone else
        if workspace.state == WorkspaceState.LOCKED and workspace.lock_holder != holder:
            # Check if lock expired
            if workspace.lock_expires and workspace.lock_expires > datetime.now(UTC):
                raise WorkspaceLockedError(project_id, workspace.lock_holder)

        # Calculate lock expiry
        lock_timeout = timeout or self.settings.workspace_lock_timeout
        lock_expires = datetime.now(UTC) + timedelta(seconds=lock_timeout)

        # Update metadata with lock info
        await self._update_metadata(
            project_id,
            lock_holder=holder,
            lock_expires=lock_expires.isoformat(),
        )

        logger.info(f"Workspace {project_id} locked by {holder}")
        return True

    async def unlock_workspace(
        self,
        project_id: str,
        holder: str,
        force: bool = False,
    ) -> bool:
        """
        Release a lock on a workspace.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier
            holder: Lock holder identifier
            force: Force unlock regardless of holder

        Returns:
            True if unlocked
        """
        workspace = await self.get_workspace(project_id)

        if workspace is None:
            raise WorkspaceNotFoundError(project_id)

        # Verify holder
        if not force and workspace.lock_holder and workspace.lock_holder != holder:
            raise WorkspaceLockedError(project_id, workspace.lock_holder)

        # Clear lock
        await self._update_metadata(
            project_id,
            lock_holder=None,
            lock_expires=None,
        )

        logger.info(f"Workspace {project_id} unlocked by {holder}")
        return True

    async def touch_workspace(self, project_id: str) -> None:
        """
        Update last accessed time for a workspace.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier
        """
        await self._update_metadata(
            project_id,
            last_accessed=datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
        )

    async def update_workspace_branch(
        self,
        project_id: str,
        branch: str,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Update the current branch in workspace metadata.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier
            branch: Current branch name
        """
        await self._update_metadata(
            project_id,
            current_branch=branch,
            last_accessed=datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
        )

    async def check_size_limit(self, project_id: str) -> bool:
        """
        Check if workspace exceeds size limit.

        Args:
            project_id: Project identifier

        Returns:
            True if within limits

        Raises:
            WorkspaceSizeExceededError: If size exceeds limit
        """
        workspace_path = self._get_workspace_path(project_id)

        if not workspace_path.exists():
            return True

        size_bytes = await self._calculate_size(workspace_path)
        size_gb = size_bytes / (1024**3)
        max_size_gb = self.settings.workspace_max_size_gb

        if size_gb > max_size_gb:
            raise WorkspaceSizeExceededError(project_id, size_gb, max_size_gb)

        return True

    async def list_workspaces(
        self,
        include_stale: bool = False,
    ) -> list[WorkspaceInfo]:
        """
        List all workspaces.

        Args:
            include_stale: Include stale workspaces

        Returns:
            List of WorkspaceInfo
        """
        workspaces: list[WorkspaceInfo] = []

        if not self.base_path.exists():
            return workspaces

        for entry in self.base_path.iterdir():
            if entry.is_dir() and not entry.name.startswith("."):
                # Extract project_id from directory name
                workspace = await self.get_workspace(entry.name)
                if workspace:
                    if not include_stale and workspace.state == WorkspaceState.STALE:
                        continue
                    workspaces.append(workspace)

        return workspaces

    async def cleanup_stale_workspaces(self) -> int:
        """
        Clean up stale workspaces.

        Returns:
            Number of workspaces cleaned up
        """
        cleaned = 0
        workspaces = await self.list_workspaces(include_stale=True)

        for workspace in workspaces:
            if workspace.state == WorkspaceState.STALE:
                try:
                    await self.delete_workspace(workspace.project_id, force=True)
                    cleaned += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    logger.error(
                        f"Failed to cleanup stale workspace {workspace.project_id}: {e}"
                    )

        if cleaned > 0:
            logger.info(f"Cleaned up {cleaned} stale workspaces")

        return cleaned

    async def get_total_size(self) -> int:
        """
        Get total size of all workspaces.

        Returns:
            Total size in bytes
        """
        return await self._calculate_size(self.base_path)

    # Private methods

    async def _load_metadata(self, project_id: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
        """Load workspace metadata from file."""
        metadata_path = self._get_metadata_path(project_id)

        if not metadata_path.exists():
            return None

        try:
            async with aiofiles.open(metadata_path) as f:
                content = await f.read()
                return json.loads(content)
        except Exception as e:
            logger.warning(f"Failed to load metadata for {project_id}: {e}")
            return None

    async def _save_metadata(
        self,
        project_id: str,
        metadata: dict[str, Any],
    ) -> None:
        """Save workspace metadata to file."""
        metadata_path = self._get_metadata_path(project_id)

        # Ensure parent directory exists
        metadata_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

        try:
            async with aiofiles.open(metadata_path, "w") as f:
                await f.write(json.dumps(metadata, indent=2))
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"Failed to save metadata for {project_id}: {e}")

    async def _update_metadata(
        self,
        project_id: str,
        **updates: Any,
    ) -> None:
        """Update specific fields in workspace metadata."""
        metadata = await self._load_metadata(project_id) or {}

        # Handle None values (to clear fields)
        for key, value in updates.items():
            if value is None:
                metadata.pop(key, None)
            else:
                metadata[key] = value

        await self._save_metadata(project_id, metadata)

    async def _calculate_size(self, path: Path) -> int:
        """Calculate total size of a directory."""

        def _calc_size() -> int:
            total = 0
            try:
                for entry in path.rglob("*"):
                    if entry.is_file():
                        try:
                            total += entry.stat().st_size
                        except OSError:
                            pass
            except Exception:
                pass
            return total

        # Run in executor for async compatibility
        loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        return await loop.run_in_executor(None, _calc_size)


class WorkspaceLock:
    """
    Context manager for workspace locking.

    Provides automatic locking/unlocking with proper cleanup.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        manager: WorkspaceManager,
        project_id: str,
        holder: str,
        timeout: int | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Initialize workspace lock.

        Args:
            manager: WorkspaceManager instance
            project_id: Project identifier
            holder: Lock holder identifier
            timeout: Lock timeout in seconds
        """
        self.manager = manager
        self.project_id = project_id
        self.holder = holder
        self.timeout = timeout
        self._acquired = False

    async def __aenter__(self) -> "WorkspaceLock":
        """Acquire lock on enter."""
        await self.manager.lock_workspace(
            self.project_id,
            self.holder,
            self.timeout,
        )
        self._acquired = True
        return self

    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type: Any, exc_val: Any, exc_tb: Any) -> None:
        """Release lock on exit."""
        if self._acquired:
            try:
                await self.manager.unlock_workspace(
                    self.project_id,
                    self.holder,
                )
            except Exception as e:
                logger.warning(f"Failed to release lock for {self.project_id}: {e}")


class FileLockManager:
    """
    File-based locking for single-instance deployments.

    Uses filelock for local locking when Redis is not available.
    """

    def __init__(self, lock_dir: Path) -> None:
        """
        Initialize file lock manager.

        Args:
            lock_dir: Directory for lock files
        """
        self.lock_dir = lock_dir
        self.lock_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        self._locks: dict[str, FileLock] = {}

    def _get_lock(self, key: str) -> FileLock:
        """Get or create a file lock for a key."""
        if key not in self._locks:
            lock_path = self.lock_dir / f"{key}.lock"
            self._locks[key] = FileLock(lock_path)
        return self._locks[key]

    def acquire(
        self,
        key: str,
        timeout: float = 10.0,
    ) -> bool:
        """
        Acquire a lock.

        Args:
            key: Lock key
            timeout: Timeout in seconds

        Returns:
            True if acquired
        """
        lock = self._get_lock(key)
        try:
            lock.acquire(timeout=timeout)
            return True
        except Timeout:
            return False

    def release(self, key: str) -> bool:
        """
        Release a lock.

        Args:
            key: Lock key

        Returns:
            True if released
        """
        if key in self._locks:
            try:
                self._locks[key].release()
                return True
            except Exception:
                pass
        return False

    def is_locked(self, key: str) -> bool:
        """Check if a key is locked."""
        lock = self._get_lock(key)
        return lock.is_locked